Analysis of the action of multicomponent physical exercise in postural control of elderly women and its effects after a period of detraining

Resumen

The practice of physical exercises has been an important alternative to minimize the effects of age on postural control, however, there is a possibility that the interruption of training (detraining) may contribute to the performance of static balance returning to pre-training values. The aim of this study was to analyze the action of multicomponent physical exercise on postural control of elderly women and its effects after a period of detraining. The postural control of 31 women aged between 60 and 80 years was evaluated on a force platform in the following conditions: static position with and without visual afferent (open eye and closed eye); static position with the use of a foam on the platform with and without visual afferent. These variables were used to analyze the effects of two types of training for elderly women, which were divided into two groups: Multicomponent Group (GM): training with strength, aerobic, balance and flexibility exercises and Control Group (CG): training with aerobic exercises and flexibility. All participants were submitted to a period of 16 weeks of training, which was performed three times a week (total of 48 sessions). Postural control was analyzed before and after the training period and with 6 weeks of detraining. In the analysis of variance (ANOVA) it was possible to verify that the training provided a significant difference (F=24.72; p < 0.0001) in the frequency of oscillation between the groups studied (multicomponent group vs control group). The multicomponent group showed a significant decrease in the frequency of oscillation after the training period (p <0.05), however, the values observed after the detraining period were not different from those observed in the pre-training period (p>0.05). In this study it was possible to observe that the sixteen-week training with multicomponent exercises improves the postural control of elderly women. However, these effects are not maintained after a six-week detraining period.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.56238/sevenIIImulti2023-181