Gravimetric composition of urban solid waste from the city of Manaus – AM

Resumen

Research conducted by Abrelpe (2022) reveals that in 2022, 81.8 million tons of municipal solid waste (MSW) were generated in Brazil, which means that each Brazilian citizen generated 381 kg of MSW, which is destined for landfills and landfills. Extinguishing or at least reducing landfills and landfills throughout the country is the desire of the entire population. It would greatly reduce the health problems of the population, the contamination of soils and rivers, etc. The objective envisaged by the National Solid Waste Plan - PLANARES, of Federal Law No. 12.305/10 - National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS, 2010) is the elimination of landfills and sanitary landfills as sites for the final disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW). until 2030. Factors such as the progressive increase in population combined with consumption and waste behaviors, lack of citizen awareness, low percentage of other possible treatments, such as recycling, composting, biodigestion, have taken away the hope of success of this goal. The city of Manaus, capital of the state of Amazonas, located in the central part of the Amazon rainforest,  deposits more than one million tons of MSW per year, in an area of 66 hectares that has a useful life until the end of 2024 The objective is to describe the activities carried out to characterize the urban solid waste destined for the city's landfill through gravimetric analysis, which consists of three stages,  required by NBR 10.007/2004: division, identification and weighing of waste categories. It was also possible to determine the apparent specific gravity of these residues. The studies were carried out in eleven neighbourhoods between July and October 2022. With this data in hand, a large amount of material was found in a condition to be recycled (60% + 2%), despite the advertising campaigns of the public authorities. , with an average apparent specific gravity of 74 kg/m³. Thus, it is concluded that selective collection and classification are of utmost importance, as alternatives for the reduction of waste destined for the city's landfill, allowing its useful life and the reuse of recyclable materials, bringing economic, social and environmental benefits to the city. city and its inhabitants.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.56238/sevenIVmulti2023-020